Basic fluid properties, elements of Fluid Mechanics, Laminar and Turbulent flow, boundary layer.
Flow in closed conduits: Continuity Energy and Momentum equations, transverse velocity distribution in laminar and turbulent flow, friction losses – Darcy Weisbach equation, local losses, pumps, energy and hydraulic grade lines, multiple pipe systems, water hammer, elements of design.
Open channel flow: definitions, pressure distribution, specific energy, types of flow, control sections, specific force (momentum), hydraulic jump, shear stress equation for steady state flow, uniform flow, normal depth, hydraulically optimum cross section, gradually varied flow, types of free surface profiles, computation of free surface profile, direct step method, standard step iteration method, flow-control structures, flow between two reservoirs, contractions and expansions for sub- and super-critical flow, roll waves.
